OPERATORS

Character sets:

The basic C source character set includes the following characters:

• Letters: a – z, A – Z, _
• Digits: 0 – 9
• Punctuation: ~ ! @ # % ^ & * ( ) - + = : ; " ' < > , . ? | / \ { } [ ]
• Whitespace: space, horizontal tab, vertical tab, form feed, newline

Newline indicates the end of a text line; it need not correspond to an actual single character, although for convenience C treats it as one.

Additional multibyte encoded characters may be used, but are not portable. The latest C standard (C11) allows multinational Unicode characters to be embedded portably within C source text by using a \uDDDD encoding (where DDDD denotes a Unicode character code), although this feature is not yet widely implemented.

The basic C execution character set contains the same characters, along with representations for alert, backspace, and carriage return. Run-time support for extended character sets has increased with each revision of the C standard.

Keywords

C89 has 32 keywords (reserved words with special meaning):

auto break case char const continue default do

double else enum extern float for goto if

int long register return short signed sizeof static

struct switch typedef union unsigned void volatile while

C99 adds five more keywords:

_Bool _Complex _Imaginary

inline restrict

C11 adds seven more keywords:

_Alignas _Alignof _Atomic _Generic

_Noreturn _Static_assert _Thread_local

  

 OPERATORS :

Main article: Operators in C and C++

C supports a rich set of operators, which are symbols used within an expression to specify the manipulations to be performed while evaluating that expression. C has operators for:

• arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %
• assignment: =
• augmented assignment: +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, &=, |=, ^=, <<=, >>=
• bitwise logic: ~, &, |, ^
• bitwise shifts: <<, >>
• boolean logic: !, &&, ||
• conditional evaluation: ? :
• equality testing: ==, !=
• calling functions: ( )
• increment and decrement: ++ and --
• member selection: ., ->
• object size: sizeof
• order relations: <, <=, >, >=
• reference and dereference: &, *, [ ]
• sequencing: ,
• subexpression grouping: ( )
• type conversion: (typename)